Before the first civilians communicate via the network, it is the turn of others: the USA develops the Arpanet so that various networked computers on the home front cannot be isolated from each other in the event of an attack. Later, the Arpanet is opened up to universities and schools. From this, what we now call the internet develops, thanks mainly to Tim Berners-Lee. But more about that later. In 1969, Compuserve is the first telecommunications provider to enable network dial-up. The first e-mail follows two years later.